Fatty Acid Trafficking in Starved Cells: Regulation by Lipid Droplet Lipolysis, Autophagy, and Mitochondrial Fusion Dynamics

摘要: Fatty acids (FAs) provide cellular energy under starvation, yet how they mobilize and move into mitochondria in starved cells, driving oxidative respiration, is unclear. Here, we clarify this process by visualizing FA trafficking with a fluorescent probe. The labeled accumulated lipid droplets (LDs) well-fed cells but moved from LDs when were starved. Autophagy replenished FAs, increasing LD number over time. Cytoplasmic lipases removed FAs LDs, enabling their transfer mitochondria. This required to be highly fused localized near LDs. When mitochondrial fusion was prevented neither homogeneously distributed within nor became efficiently metabolized. Instead, reassociated fluxed neighboring cells. Thus, engage complex itineraries regulated cytoplasmic lipases, autophagy, dynamics, ensuring maximum metabolism avoidance of toxicity