Ectoine alleviates behavioural, physiological and biochemical changes in Daphnia magna subjected to formaldehyde

摘要: Ectoine (ECT) is produced by halophilic microorganisms in response to various stressful factors. Its protective properties bacteria and some populations of isolated cells are known; however, no data available on its influence aquatic invertebrates subjected a common pollutant, formaldehyde (FA). The purpose this study was determine the effects FA alone (at 20 60 mg/L) combination with concentrations ECT (5, 10 25 mg/L) at times exposure behavioural, physiological biochemical parameters Daphnia magna. Specifically, mortality, heart rate, thoracic limb movement, reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidised (GSSG) ratio, catalase (CAT) activity nitric oxide (NOx) levels were determined. results showed that both when administered induced significant alterations determined parameters. On other hand, animals treated combinations FA + ECT decreased mortalities, attenuated inhibition rates activities, less GSH/GSSG ratios, lower stimulation CAT activities NOx compared crustaceans alone. most distinct attenuation toxic observed which highest used. suggest oxidative stress daphnids likely be alleviated antioxidative action ECT.