Two molecular pathways to transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

摘要: Noninvasive transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder can have two distinct morphologies suggesting they contain different genetic alterations. Papillary (T(a) tumors) are often multifocal and only occasionally progress, whereas flat tumors (carcinomas in situ, CIS), frequently progress to invasive disease. We examined 216 various stages histopathologies for alterations previously described be importance tumorigenesis. Loss heterozygosity chromosome 9 was observed 24 70 (34%) T(a) but present 3 (12%) CIS dysplasia lesions (P = 0.04). In contrast, 1 36 (3%) contained a p53 gene mutation compared 15 23 (65%) dysplasias < 0.001), frequency comparable that muscle (25 49; 51%). The presence mutations could explain their propensities since these known destabilize genome. Analysis several tumor pairs involving an cancer provided evidence alteration may some cases involved progression more tumors, addition its role initiation tumors. However, secondary were found patients divergent pathways. Bladder carcinogenesis therefore proceed through pathways responsible generating superficial with differing pathologies.