Socio-Ecological Contingencies with Climate Changes over the Prehistory in the Mediterranean Iberia

摘要: We conducted palynological, sedimentological, and chronological analyses of a coastal sediment sequence to investigate landscape evolution agropastoral practices in the Nao Cap region (Spain, Western Mediterranean) since Holocene. The results allowed for reconstruction vegetation, fire, erosion dynamics area, implicating role fire vegetation turnover at 5300 (mesophilous forests replaced by sclerophyllous scrubs) 3200 calibrated before present (cal. BP) (more xerophytics). Cereal cultivation was apparent from beginning record, during Mid-Neolithic period. From 3800 cal. BP, long-lasting soil associated with presence cereals, indicating intense land-use Chalcolithic Bronze Age periods. decline agriculture signal vegetal recolonization is likely explained land abandonment Final Age. Anthropogenic markers reappeared Iberian period when more settlements were present. A contingency human environmental agencies found 5900, 4200, 2800 coinciding abrupt climate events, that have manifested locally reduced spring discharge, an absence evidence, marked settlement densities. This case study, covering five millennia three highlights how past changes affected activities, also shows people repeatedly reoccupied coast once perturbation gone. littoral zone remained attractive prehistoric communities despite costs living area exposed climatic hazards, such as droughts.