Poverty and Access: Differences and Commonalties across Slum Communities in Bangkok

摘要: Abstract Adequate access to basic services,particularly services such as water and sanitation, is vital the health, economic productivity general quality of life experienced by urban residents. While environmental amenities are available at a reasonable cost city dwellers in industrialized countries, majority developing country citizens remain completely without services. This paper relies on comprehensive series measures capture standard living households located within greater Bangkok (as early 1994). The focus infrastructure with goal improving means toward increasing benefits reaped community In so doing, has two objectives: first, work clarification notion access, particularly it relates among poor; second, illustrate how this framework can be used assess large cities Bangkok. We find that some differences across geographic zones income groupings explained relative age construction slums inner, middle outer rings residents older settlements (i.e., inner ring), for example, tend amongst wealthiest suggesting establishes itself, both resources enhanced, irrespective government policy. addition, many important points regarding understood reflection resource endowments low-income residing primarily informal housing settlements. There are, however, number do not appear necessarily related or either location income. As an while normally instinct planners engineers influence supply services, availability piped connections, clear from our analysis best use resources. minority most communities lack connections (40% so), consumption does differ connections. Rather, required helpful role planning could play, improve water, through reducing its (for poorest households) and, probably, encouraging treatment prior drinking water.