Perivascular adipose tissue: An unique fat compartment relevant for the cardiometabolic syndrome.

摘要: Type 2 diabetes and its major risk factor, obesity, are an increasing worldwide health problem. The exact mechanisms that link obesity with insulin resistance, type diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular complications renal diseases, still not clarified sufficiently. Adipose tissue in general is active endocrine paracrine organ may influence the development of these disorders. Excessive body fat also cause quantitative functional alterations specific adipose compartments. Beside visceral subcutaneous depots which exert systemic effects by release adipokines, cytokines hormones, there locally acting such as peri- epicardial fat, perivascular sinus fat. Perivascular close contact adventitia large, medium small diameter arteries, possesses unique features differing from other act independently obesity. An number studies dealing "good" or "bad" characteristics functions normally sized dramatically increased mass lean heavily obese individuals. This review describes origin tissue, different locations, dual role a physiological unphysiological impact on diseases. Clinical studies, new imaging methods, well basic research cell culture experiments last decade helped to elucidate various aspects compartment.