How much evidence is needed before client-oriented breeding (COB) is institutionalised? Evidence from rice and maize in India

摘要: Abstract A strong case has been made in many publications for the adoption of highly client-oriented breeding (COB) since a greater role farmers and clients can help produce popularise varieties that better meet demands. Participatory varietal selection (PVS) – testing diverse range new on farm by is an essential component COB broadly accepted. However, basis published evidence, other aspects have not mainstreamed national international programmes. This may be because there insufficient time their benefits to become apparent. We review outcomes from maize ( Zea mays L.) rice Oryza sativa India resulted official release variety two varieties. substantial evidence how all three were accepted much more widely adopted several northern states than any conventionally bred alternatives currently available. provides most convincing so far, methods effective. Prior this, was little documentation impact programmes with few reports them producing released varieties, it unsurprising institutionalisation COB. The presented here its effectiveness ought provide stimulus breeders adopt these approaches. question exactly needed remains rhetorical as evidence-based change constrained who, reasons, are motivated preserve status quo. weight accumulated before this inertia overcome.