Introduction to the application of the dynamical systems theory in the study of the dynamics of cosmological models of dark energy

摘要: The theory of the dynamical systems is a very complex subject which has brought several surprises in recent past connection with chaos and fractals. application tools cosmological settings less known spite amount published scientific papers on this subject. In paper -- mostly pedagogical introduction to cosmology basic presented. It shown that, their amazing simplicity, these allow extract essential information asymptotic dynamics wide variety models. power illustrated within context so called $\Lambda$CDM scalar field models dark energy. This suitable for teachers, undergraduate postgraduate students from physics mathematics disciplines.