Limiting the loss of terrestrial ecosystems to safeguard nature for biodiversity and humanity

摘要: ABSTRACT Humanity is on a pathway of unsustainable loss the natural systems upon which we, and all life, rely. To date, global efforts to achieve internationally-agreed goals reduce carbon emissions, halt biodiversity loss, retain essential ecosystem services, have been poorly integrated. However, these different rely preserving ecosystems. Here, we show how unify by empirically deriving spatially-explicit, quantitative area-based targets for retention terrestrial We found that at least 67 million km2 Earth’s ecosystems (~79% area remaining) require – via combination strict protection but more prominently through sustainably managed land use regimes complemented restoration actions contribute biodiversity, climate, soil freshwater objectives under four United Nations’ Resolutions. This equates retaining across ~50% total (excluding Antarctica) surface Earth. Our results where could be focussed multiple simultaneously. The concept present explicitly recognises such management can should co-occur alongside driven people who live in places semi-natural remain