Ecosystem services mapping for detection of bundles, synergies and trade-offs: Examples from two Norwegian municipalities

摘要: Abstract The main objective of this work was to analyse how increased harvesting for bioenergy production might affect other Ecosystem Services (ES) in two Norwegian municipalities (Ringsaker and Voss). aim identify locations where synergies or conflicts between ES could be expected. spatial distribution eight different (3 provision, 3 regulation 2 cultural services) modelled using information provided by land use databases additional data sources. Model parameters were set integrating existing research expert knowledge. Maps showing the level provision analysed a moving window scale dependence provision. Map algebra then used areas providing multiple ES, thus defining most important on which focus management both trade-offs. Finally, specific ‘binary bundles’ maps, compared with each developed. methodology proved its utility assess compatibility uses services. This straightforward approach is readily replicable regions can as decision support tool planning designing areas, ensure sustainable forest approaches.