Molten salts activated by high-energy milling: A useful, low-temperature route for the synthesis of multiferroic compounds

摘要: Abstract There are only a few multiferroic compounds, among which BiFeO3 is the most important. Research synthesis of bismuth ferrite, with novel and improved magnetic electrical properties, has been mainly based on use hydrothermal or sol gel methods. However, these methods require either rather extreme conditions several steps for synthesis. We demonstrate that molten salts, activated by high energy milling, results in pure nanometric BiFeO3, LaFeO3 intermediate phases Bi1−xLaxFeO3 system. The chemical reagents used Bi(NO3)3⋅5H2O, La(NO3)3⋅6H2O, Fe(NO3)3⋅9H2O NaOH. A brief milling process creates an amorphous precursor crystalline NaNO3. thermal treatment precursors, at 500 °C two hours, produces mixture Simple washing eliminates characterization intermediates final products, through analysis, X-ray diffraction scanning electronic microscopy, allows inference possible mechanism. In addition, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) ferroelectric tests show typical electric polarization loops characteristic materials even when formed nano-scale.