Molecular mechanisms of HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission and infection in neonatal target cells.

摘要: HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) occurs mainly at three stages, including prepartum, intrapartum and postpartum. Several maternal factors, low CD4+ lymphocyte counts, high viral load, immune response, advanced disease status, smoking abusing drugs have been implicated in an increased risk of MTCT. While use antiretroviral therapy (ART) during pregnancy has significantly reduced the rate MTCT, selective ART resistant mutants reported. Based on sequence comparison, minor genotypes with R5 phenotypes are predominantly transmitted to their infants initially maintained same properties. structural, regulatory accessory genes were highly conserved following In addition, sequences from non-transmitting mothers less heterogeneous compared transmitting mothers, suggesting that a higher level heterogeneity influences Analysis immunologically relevant epitopes showed variants evolved escape response influenced cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) identified various mother-infant sequences, role We shown replicates more efficiently neonatal T-lymphocytes monocytes/macrophages adult cells, this differential replication is gene expression, which was due expression host transcriptional activators, signal transducers cytokines than cells. integration actively transcribed may influence expression. The target cells contribute load rapid progression neonates/infants adults. These findings identify targets, host, for developing strategies prevention treatment.