Risk assessment approaches in European countries

摘要: Publisher Summary The Europe sediment risk assessment deals with the ecological risks of contaminated sediments. This chapter discusses two management goals for (ERA) that are directly related to European Union (EU) water framework directive (WFD): (1) Assessment caused by sediments referred as “ in situ assessment.” (2) contaminants after dredging “risk dredged material management” or ex In deleterious effects historical pollution on certain parts ecosystem. However, senso stricto EU WFD, possible negative effect contamination quality is key issue. Sediment remediation combination source control could be preferred option solve this problem. Before such a decision made, manager should have clear picture what problem is. Therefore studies initiated focus “direct” “indirect” risks. second goal closely WFD (DM). produces data help authorities choose between options relocation, disposal, treatment material. Multi-tiered approaches also commonly used purpose. As assessment, detailed physical and chemical characterization carried out.