Equilibrium budding and vesiculation in the curvature model of fluid lipid vesicles

摘要: According to a model introduced by Helfrich [Z. Naturforsch. 28c, 693 (1973)], the shape of closed lipid vesicle is determined minimization total bending energy at fixed surface area and enclosed volume. We show that, in appropriate regime, this predicts both budding (the eruption satellite connected parent volume via neck) vesiculation special case when neck radius goes zero). Vesiculation occurs minimum located boundary space configurations. Successive vesiculations produce multiplets, which minimum-energy configuration consists several bodies coexisting through infinitesimal necks. study sequence shapes transitions followed spherical ${\mathit{R}}_{\mathit{V}}$, large on scale ${\mathit{R}}_{0}$ set spontaneous curvature, as its A increases constant V=4\ensuremath{\pi}${\mathit{R}}_{\mathit{V}}^{3}$/3. Such periodically sheds excess into smaller spheres with radii comparable ${\mathit{R}}_{0}$. map out (shape) phase diagram In region dominated multiplets reflects details shedding process. The overall effect successive reduce from quantity order ${\mathit{R}}_{\mathit{V}}^{2}$ down zero or near reaches 3V/${\mathit{R}}_{0}$; however, decrease not uniform E(A,V) convex.