Four methods of nondestructive DNA sampling from freshwater pearl mussels Margaritifera margaritifera L. (Bivalvia:Unionoida)

摘要: AbstractNondestructive tissue sampling is desirable for genetic or physiological studies of endangered freshwater mussels. We used the pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) to evaluate 4 methods (haemolymph extraction, foot scraping, mantle biopsy, and viscera swabbing) with regard their effectiveness deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analyses effects on sampled One hundred twenty-eight days subsequent (1 June–7 October), all individuals were alive, average growth was not significantly different from unsampled, control individuals, except that viscera-swabbing group had lower growth. The magnitude decreased in viscera-swabbed small (∼0.5 mm less than controls), biological significance this result unclear. DNA yields haemolymph extraction scraping more variable other methods. Genotyping success lowe...