Metabolism, Physiology And Biotechnological Applications of Halobacteria

摘要: Halophiles ( lat . “salt-loving”) is the taxonomic group of extreme aerobic microorganisms that live in conditions high salinity – seas, salt lakes, saline soils etc. These are known to reddish patina on products, preserved with using large quantities (NaCl). were isolated for first time at beginning XX century from marine flora estuary mud, but their systematic study was started only end second decade century. The internal environment human body not suitable existence halobacteria, since none them have pathogenic forms. Halobacteria great practical potential molecular bioelectronics and bio-nanotechnology due unique ability convert energy sunlight into electrochemical protons H + presence cells a special photo transforming retinal containing integral protein bacteriorhodopsin, mechanism action which has been currently studied detail. This article describes characteristics metabolism physiology halophilic bacteria, as well method biosynthesis preparation bacteriorhodopsin purple membranes photoorganotrophic halobacterium Halobacterium halobium Key words: membranes, biosynthesis.