Bats in the Anthropogenic Matrix: Challenges and Opportunities for the Conservation of Chiroptera and Their Ecosystem Services in Agricultural Landscapes

摘要: Intensification in land-use and farming practices has had largely negative effects on bats, leading to population declines concomitant losses of ecosystem services. Current trends change suggest that agricultural areas will further expand, while production systems may either experience intensification (particularly developing nations) or become more environmentally friendly (especially Europe). In this chapter, we review the existing literature how management affects bat assemblages behavior individual species, as well provision services by bats (pest insect suppression pollination) systems. Bats show highly variable responses habitat conversion, with no significant species richness measures activity abundance. contrast, within (i.e., increased agrochemical inputs, reduction natural structuring elements such hedges, woods, marshes) consistently abundance richness. Agroforestry appear mitigate consequences conversion intensification, often having higher abundances levels than areas. Across biomes, play key roles limiting populations arthropods consuming various pests. tropical areas, are pollinators several commercial fruit species. However, these substantial benefits go unrecognized farmers, who sometimes associate disservices crop raiding. Given importance for global food production, future should focus “wildlife-friendly” allow exploit persist anthropogenic matrix so enhance Pressing research topics include (1) a better understanding local-level versus landscape-level interact structure assemblages, (2) new pesticide classes GM crops populations, (3) documentation valuation provided could improve attitudes producers toward their conservation.