Spine: minimally invasive techniques.

摘要: Minimally invasive spine surgery decompression, arthrodesis, and instrumentation techniques are now being applied in a wide variety of percutaneous, laparoscopic minimal access procedures. There is currently little longitudinal long-term data on these procedures to document their efficacy, indications, limitations or complications as compared standard open techniques. Further complicating such direct comparisons that widely used outcomes instruments often do not capture the relative benefits new It only through randomized trials potential be substantiated order justify sometimes significant increased costs associated with them.