Superstatistical Energy Distributions of an Ion in an Ultracold Buffer Gas.

摘要: An ion in a radio frequency trap interacting with buffer gas of ultracold neutral atoms is driven dynamical system which has been found to develop nonthermal energy distribution power law tail. The exact analytical form this unknown, but often represented empirically by $\mathit{q}$-exponential (Tsallis) functions. Based on the concepts superstatistics, we introduce framework for statistical mechanics an trapped rf field subject collisions gas. We derive analytic secular distributions from first principles both neglecting and including effects thermal For finite temperature, prove that Tsallis statistics emerges combination constant heating term multiplicative fluctuations. show resulting essentially depend experimentally controllable parameters paving way accurate control properties ion-atom hybrid systems.