摘要: As the elderly segment of world population increases, it is critical to understand changes in cardiac structure and function during normal aging process. In this review, we outline key molecular pathways cellular processes that underlie phenotypic heart vasculature accompany aging. Reduced autophagy, increased mitochondrial oxidative stress, telomere attrition, altered signaling insulin-like growth factor, differentiation factor 11, 5'- AMP-activated protein kinase are among mechanisms underlying Aging promotes structural functional atria, ventricles, valves, myocardium, pericardium, conduction system, vasculature. We highlight factors known accelerate attenuate intrinsic vessels addition potential preventive therapeutic avenues. A greater understanding involved may facilitate our ability mitigate escalating burden CVD older individuals promote healthy
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