Mapping attack hotspots to mitigate human–carnivore conflict: approaches and applications of spatial predation risk modeling

摘要: A major challenge in carnivore conservation worldwide is identifying priority human–carnivore conflict sites where mitigation efforts would be most effective. Spatial predation risk modeling recently emerged as a tool for predicting and mapping hotspots of livestock depredation using locations carnivores attacked the past. This literature review evaluates approaches applications spatial reducing presents workflow to help practitioners use this tool. Over past decade 18 studies were published, which examined canid felid (10 8 on each group, respectively) cattle (14) sheep (12). Studies employed correlation modeling, association and/or interpolation identify high-risk landscape features, many (but not all) validated models with independent data. The features associated attacks related species (carnivore prey), environment, human infrastructure management interventions. Risk maps from used owners managers top-priority areas implementing deterrents, some achieving >90 % reductions attacks. Only one study affected policy, highlighting gap could useful more clearly communicating information assist policymakers large-scale decisions conflict. develop six-step integrating into conservation. reveals need future focus validating models, accounting feedbacks impacting conflict-related policy order reliably improve globally.