Loss of marginal zone B-cells in SHIVSF162P4 challenged rhesus macaques despite control of viremia to low or undetectable levels in chronic infection

摘要: Marginal zone (MZ) B cells generate T-independent antibody responses to pathogens before T-dependent antibodies arise in germinal centers. They have been identified cynomolgus monkeys and monitored during acute SIV infection, yet not well-studied rhesus macaques. Here we characterized macaque MZ cells, present secondary lymphoid tissue but peripheral blood, as CD19+, CD20+, CD21hi, IgM+, CD22+, CD38+, BTLA+, CD40+, CCR6+ BCL-2+. Compared healthy macaques, SHIVSF162P4-infected animals showed decreased total increased cell Ki-67 expression early chronic infection. These changes persisted late despite viremia reductions low or undetectable levels. Expression levels of additional phenotypic markers RNA PCR array analyses were concert with continued low-level activation diminished function cells. We conclude that B-cell dysregulation dysfunction associated SIV/HIV infection are readily reversible.