Strategies and Tactics in NGO-Government Relations: Insights from Slum Housing in Mumbai

摘要: Relationships between nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and government agencies have been variously described in the nonprofit literature as cooperative, complementary, adversarial, confrontational, or even co-optive. But how do NGO–government relationships emerge practice, is it possible for NGOs to manage multiple strategies of interaction at once? This article examines experience three leading Mumbai, India, involved slum squatter housing. We investigate they began relating with during their formative years factors that shaped interactions. find similar goals end up using very different tactics advance housing agendas. More significant, we observe are likely employ interactions government. Finally, an analysis can be a helpful vehicle clarifying organization's theory change.