Insulin: Molecular, Biochemical, and Physiologic Aspects

摘要: For more than half a century insulin has occupied position as the most intensively studied mammalian hormone. This stems in part from insulin’s role preeminent anabolic hormone mammals. The effort put into understanding physiology and biochemistry of this peptide follows rich scientific history that come its study. demonstration, by von Mering Minkowski1 1889, pancreatectomy dog resulted syndrome similar to diabetes mellitus eventually led discovery insulin, an accomplishment which is credited Banting Best.2 A number seminal discoveries had impact on all biochemical followed: quantification radioimmunoassay,3 sequencing peptide,4 complete synthesis hormone,5,6 and, recently, cloning gene for insulin7 recombinant protein therapeutic use.8 progress paralleled advances physiologic regulating intermediary metabolism.9,10 Over past two decades, intense focused elucidating mechanisms it exerts effects at cellular level. receptor.11 More great strides have been made defining transduced via activation receptor tyrosine kinase subsequent signaling events.