Clothing as solar radiation protection.

摘要: The sun is essential for life. Yet, sunlight can also be a source of such deleterious effects as sunburn, and suntanning, well premalignant malignant lesions. These may all occur in individuals with normal responses to sunlight. In addition, there exist variety 'abnormal' photosensitivity that result from either endogenous imbalances (e.g. the porphyrias) or added exogenous factors drug photosensitivity). 'normal' sunlight, by large, are produced preferentially UVB (290-320 nm), minor contribution UVA (320-400 nm) wavelengths. contrast, are, most part, elicited predominantly long and, some cases, visible light. last 20 years so, considerable attention has been paid use fabrics photoprotective materials. vast majority work this area concerned fabric protection against sunburn. addition vivo measurement SPF, vitro evaluation UPF carried out numerous laboratories around world. estimated wavelength-dependent transmission fabric, solar UV spectrum erythemal action over wavelength region 290-400 nm. Depending on values range 2 several thousand. More recently, it become clear environmental influences laundering, solarization, humidity, wetting degree stretching play major role protection. Protection altered dyes, absorbers fluorescent whitening agents. To date, have relatively few studies endpoints other than sunburn erythema. many provide good inadequate photosensitization intrinsic extrinsic absorbing molecules (pre)malignant Future should explicity address efficacy protective diseases activated