The Basal Ganglia

摘要: The basal ganglia comprise subcortical regions of the brain that are involved in both motor and cognitive functions. definition has evolved over years as functional relationships between were previously believed to be unrelated began emerge. Classically, “basal ganglia” included caudate-putamen, pallidum, amygdala. In human brain, caudate nucleus putamen separated by internal capsule have a characteristic “striated” appearance caused presence bundles myelinated fibers (pencils Willis), hence name “striatum.” More modern definitions include substantia nigra subthalamic nucleus, which close with striatum pallidum. amygdala is now considered separate entity, although it anatomical connections some ganglia.