Evaluation of multi-microbe probiotics prepared by submerged liquid or solid substrate fermentation and antibiotics in weaning pigs

摘要: Abstract Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of multi-microbe probiotics (comprising Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus oryzae) prepared by submerged liquid (LF) solid substrate fermentation (SF) methods different antibiotics in weaning pigs [Landrace × (Yorkshire × Duroc)]. In both (Exp.), 288 weaned randomly allotted four treatments, on basis body weight sex a randomized complete block design. There replicate pens per treatment each pen comprised 18 pigs. Exp. 1, effects LF SF performance, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) nutrients faecal microflora investigated. The basal diet was without any antimicrobials (negative control, NC), 100 mg chlortetracycline/kg, 0.30% added diets positive control (PC), respectively. Pigs fed PC probiotic showed improved (P