The role of ER stress in lipid metabolism and lipotoxicity

摘要: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a cellular organelle important for regulating calcium homeostasis, lipid metabolism, protein synthesis, and posttranslational modification trafficking. Numerous environmental, physiological, pathological insults disturb ER referred to as stress, in which collection of conserved intracellular signaling pathways, termed the unfolded response (UPR), are activated maintain function cell survival. However, excessive and/or prolonged UPR activation leads initiation self-destruction through apoptosis. Excessive accumulation lipids their intermediate products causes metabolic abnormalities death, called lipotoxicity, peripheral organs, including pancreatic islets, liver, muscle, heart. Because accumulating evidence links chronic stress defects lipotoxicity tissues, understanding role physiology topic under intense investigation. In this review, we highlight recent findings that link pathogenesis organs due lipotoxicity.