Training of microsurgical skills on nonliving models

摘要: Although direct exposure to procedures in the operating theater environment, together with practice on laboratory animals, is still seen as gold standard of teaching microsurgery, nonliving simulators currently being validated an important educational tool. We reviewed widely used training models, accepted innovations, which are parts curricula courses microsurgery. Using experience accumulated programs at Centre for Simulation and Training Surgery, we identified particular skills can be reliably targeted by each tissue exercise. were able find five groups models: basic manipulation, knot-tying principles, completing anastomosis, real experience, virtual reality. The more abstract models might seem quite far from life but they closely address specific skills. It thus becomes convenient instructor train these separately. This generates series consistently favorable results once integrated into a complex procedure. Focused exercises, assembled continuity, reconstruct scenario. program comprise increasingly difficult mirror situations. Performance progressively challenging exercise assessed via observation, assisted clear objective criteria. Finally, focused will help both transition human surgery replication large subjects. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2008.