Virus-Encoded 7 Transmembrane Receptors

作者: Ann-Sofie Mølleskov-Jensen , Martha Trindade Oliveira , Helen Elizabeth Farrell , Nick Davis-Poynter

DOI: 10.1016/BS.PMBTS.2014.10.010

关键词:

摘要: Abstract Herpesviruses are an ancient group which have exploited gene capture of multiple cellular modulators the immune response. Viral homologues 7 transmembrane receptors (v7TMRs) a consistent feature beta- and gammaherpesviruses; majority v7TMRs homologous to chemokine (CKRs). Conserved families distinguish between versus furthermore, significant divisions within these subfamilies, such as genera gammaherpesviruses or primate rodent cytomegaloviruses, coincide with specific v7TMR families. Divergence functional properties viral 7TMR their counterparts is likely, therefore, reflect adaptation supporting various aspects lifecycle concomitant effects upon pathogenesis. Consistent long evolutionary history, acquired range distinctive characteristics. This chapter reviews key features likely impact roles: trafficking properties, ligand specificity, signaling capacity. Rapid, constitutive endocytosis, reminiscent “scavenger” receptors, may provide mechanism for evasion, alternatively relate virion assembly, including incorporation envelope. Some display relatively broad chemokine-binding whereas others remain “orphan” be completely independent activation. Indeed, many been shown signal constitutively, associated in some cases notable divergence highly conserved regulatory elements “DRY” motif TMIII. The availability models studies has provided evidence important biological roles, transformation, tissue tropism, persistence. Recent addressing pathways critical phenotypes will discussed, reference both gammaherpesviruses.

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