Radiation-Induced Thyroid Cancer

摘要: Radiation is one of the few accepted risk factors for thyroid cancer. The majority radiation-induced carcinomas are well-differentiated papillary carcinomas. Children treated with X-rays various benign conditions were found to be at increased developing Likewise, survivors atomic bomb exposures in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan, who under age 20 moment exposure, Latency periods typically ten or more years, it appears that excess persists decades after exposure. A pooled analysis seven major studies over a wide range doses demonstrated an relative (ERR) 7.7 per Gy. In individuals exposed before 15, linear models best describe dose–response relationship. Without question, Chernobyl accident was worst technological disaster history nuclear power generation. Analysis post-Chernobyl has conclusively 131I carcinogen children adolescents. relationship also been documented fallout, ERR 5.25 Gy decade. Molecular analyses have revealed mechanism cancer pathogenesis primarily related double-stranded DNA breaks leading chromosomal translocations and/or inversions gene rearrangements. ret/PTC3 rearrangement most common early (prior 10 years) carcinomas, whereas ret/PTC1 10-year latency period.