Human Milk Contains Elements That Block Binding of Noroviruses to Human Histo—Blood Group Antigens in Saliva

摘要: Noroviruses (NORs), previously known as Norwalk-like viruses, belong to one of four genera caliciviruses. NORs mainly cause epidemics acute gastroenteritis in humans. We found that recognize human histo-blood group antigens receptors. Recombinant virus-like particles (VLPs) the prototype Norwalk virus (NV) specifically bind intestinal sections and saliva secretors but not nonsecretors (Marionneau et al. 2002). Human volunteer studies showed who do express receptor were naturally resistant NV challenge (Lindesmith Extended with additional NOR strains different receptors defined by ABO, Lewis, secretor types (Huang 2003). Four binding patterns have been described based on samples. Three AO, AB types, pattern binds containing Lewis epitopes. The sugar moiety these are believed be involved binding.