Scent-marking investment and motor patterns are affected by the age and sex of wild brown bears

摘要: Members of the Carnivora employ a wide range postures and patterns to mark their scent onto objects thereby communicate with conspecifics. Despite much anecdotal evidence on marking behaviour ursids, empirical scent-marking motor displayed by wild populations is lacking. Analysing time that different age sex classes spend at trees behaviours involved times year could provide further insight into function marking. We used camera traps stationed investigate brown bears, Ursus arctos. Through image-based data, we found support hypothesis investment are dictated bear. Adult males spent more complex behavioural sequence than adult females juveniles. male was consistent throughout year, indicating continued benefit chemical signalling outside breeding season. Juvenile bear changed age. Young dependent cubs were likely imitate mother's behaviour, whereas older engage in independently. The independent subadults simplistic those younger cubs, suggesting change independence. suggest these findings bears functions intrasexual competition between males. Cub suggests an influence social learning.