Oxysterol-binding proteins-emerging roles in cell regulation

摘要: Cytoplasmic oxysterol-binding protein homologues, designated OSBP-like (OSBPL) or OSBP-related (ORP) proteins, constitute a family of lipid binding/transfer proteins present in wide spectrum eukaryotes. In mammals these are encoded by 12 genes expressed ubiquitously but at different quantities tissue and cell types. Their unifying feature is β-barrel-like ligand-binding domain that has been shown to accommodate sterol ligands: oxysterols, cholesterol, both, while recent report shows also phospholipid can be bound. Certain members have the capacity mediate facilitate intracellular transport exchange, others implicated as sensors involved regulation: homeostatic control, signal transduction, organelle motility, vesicle transport. Several ORPs localized membrane contact sites, which endoplasmic reticulum membranes closely apposed with other organelles—indicating functions non-vesicular ions small molecules, regulation enzymatic components active sites. OSBPL gene polymorphisms associated cardiovascular risk factors, altered ORP expression levels occur certain cancers, providing first indications involvement human disease. this review we summarize analyze latest findings concerning function OSBPL/ORP proteins.