Lead, Arsenic, and Manganese Metal Mixture Exposures: Focus on Biomarkers of Effect.

摘要: The increasing exposure of human populations to excessive levels metals continues represent a matter public health concern. Several biomarkers have been studied and proposed for the detection adverse effects induced by lead (Pb), arsenic (As), manganese (Mn); however, these studies relied on exposures each single metal, which fails replicate real-life scenarios. These three are commonly detected in different environmental, occupational, food contexts they share common neurotoxic effects, progressive once clinically apparent may be irreversible. Thus, chronic low mixture an additive risk toxicity. Building upon their shared mechanisms toxicity, such as oxidative stress, interference with neurotransmitters, hematopoietic system, we address putative biomarkers, assist assessing onset neurological diseases associated this metal mixture.