Proposal for the Application of Xenografts in Screening for New Anticancer Agents and in Selecting Tumor Types for Phase II Clinical Trials

摘要: The selection of drugs for clinical evaluation in can cer chemotherapy is usually based on the activity several antitumor test systems. If a drug has promising profile, be produced reliable dosage form and does not show prohibitive toxicity animals, it candidate evaluation. This different from most other areas development where must perform well also preclinical toxicology studies, thus having large therapeutic index. In past decades testing mainly been performed murine tumors vivo vitro. A systematic screen to discover characterize new lead compounds applied by American National Cancer Institute (NCI) (1). Other institutes performing used same or similar models methods as NCI. Although NCI screening system was revised times, primary depended heavily use leukemia L1210 P388, (2, 3). 1975 solid 3 human tumor xenografts (tumor lines) nude mice were included panel, i.e., secondary screen. These expected select active predict major tumors, lung, breast colorectal cancer (4, 5, 6).