Threat Levels and Threats to Red-Listed Species in Swedish Forests

摘要: Forests are the main terrestrial habitats in Sweden (65% of land area), and Swedish forestry is among most technically developed world. Unfortunately, modern has resulted declining populations many species (Ehnstrom & Walden; Ingelog et al. 1987; Ahlen Tjenberg 1992). Berg al (1994) studied distribution habitat associations red-listed forest species. They found a higher number these southern than northern Sweden, deciduous was with species, despite its small area. Most were classified as dependent on specific elements habitat, such old trees, logs, snags. But red-lists include broad spectrum from extinct to relatively common ones, differences between threat groups might be important for conservation strategies. The aim this study compare categories extinct, endangered, vulnerable less threatened rare care-demanding regarding distribution, associations, threats factors critical their occurrence.