Dynamic heterogeneous spatio-temporal pattern formation in host-parasitoid systems with synchronised generations.

摘要: In this paper we develop a general mathematical model describing the spatio-temporal dynamics of host-parasitoid systems with forced generational synchronisation, for example seasonally induced diapause. The itself may be described as an individual-based stochastic individual movement rules derived from underlying continuum PDE model. This approach permits direct comparison between discrete and includes both within-generation between-generation mechanisms population regulation focuses on interactions immobile juvenile hosts, adult hosts parasitoids in two-dimensional domain. These are mediated, they many such systems, by presence volatile semio-chemical (kairomone) emitted or hosts' food plant. investigates effects different host versus parasitoid strategies well transient leading to steady states. Despite some agreement models certain motility parameter ranges, diverge when motilities unequal. maintains spatially heterogeneous oscillatory predicts homogeneous state. We discuss implications these results mechanistic phenotype evolution.