Targeting the Twist and Wnt signaling pathways in metastatic breast cancer.

摘要: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in United States with over 232,000 new diagnoses expected 2014 and almost 40,000 deaths. While treatment primary breast often well-managed surgery radiation, metastatic (MBC) that has spread to brain, bones, liver, lungs incurable. One major challenges presence a subpopulation cells are chemoresistant metastatic. Given metastasis driving force behind mortality for patients, it essential identify characteristics these aberrant allow them distant sites body develop into tumors. Understanding mechanisms cell dispersal will open door developing novel therapies prevent improve long-term outcomes patients. In this review we assess feasibility targeting Twist Wnt signaling pathways cancer. These mediate epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), process can give rise chemoresistance. We potential strategies EMT drug resistance as well problems may arise targeted delivery therapeutic approaches. Finally, examine recent advances field, including nanoparticle small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology, discuss impact approaches have on translating much needed clinic, benefit patients battling MBC.