On the Integration of Logistics Activities by Shipping Lines: The Case of East-Asia

摘要: The liner shipping industry experienced profound changes in the 1990s, following challenges imposed by globalization, thus leading major carriers to create ad-hoc logistics business units. Nonetheless, vertical integration of lines along transport chain faced important entry barriers various regions. With this mind, paper analyzes impact such on carriers' pathways expansion logistics. focus is East-Asian markets, as a relevant empirical case which institutional and sociopolitical obstacles are still force. Results indicate sui-generis paths achieved carriers, contrast with linear constructs time space proposed classical TNC theories. Port operations shown be most critical stage chain. 'sidestep' port phase, investments other onshore activities, well implementation aggressive financial campaigns, reveals unfaltering will top quickly attain successful horizontal despite environmental hurdles.