Molecular Pathological Classification of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Turning towards Precision Medicine

摘要: Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are characterized by selective dysfunction and loss of neurons associated with pathologically altered proteins that deposit in the human brain but also peripheral organs. These their biochemical modifications can be potentially targeted for therapy or used as biomarkers. Despite a plethora demonstrated different neurodegeneration-related proteins, such amyloid-β, prion protein, tau, α-synuclein, TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), fused sarcoma (FUS), molecular classification NDDs relies on detailed morphological evaluation deposits, distribution brain, correlation to clinical symptoms together specific genetic alterations. A further facet neuropathology-based is fact many deposits show hierarchical involvement regions. This has been shown Alzheimer Parkinson disease some forms tauopathies TDP-43 proteinopathies. The present paper aims summarize current NDDs, focusing most relevant aspects. Since combination proteinopathies frequent, definition novel clusters patients needs considered era precision medicine. Optimally, neuropathological categorizing should translated into vivo detectable biomarkers support better prediction prognosis stratification trials.