Brette Pearl Spar Mable (BPSM): a potential recoverable catalyst as a renewable source of biodiesel from Thevetia peruviana seed oil for the benefit of sustainable development in West Africa

摘要: The energy requirements are globally on a rapid escalation, as technology advances, which is also true for developing country like Nigeria, dependent fossil fuels and its derivatives. Apart from adverse effect economy, it has negative impacts the health environment, in general. However, investments renewable faced by competitive oil prices, very high investment cost energy, local electricity prices. This paper appraises attractiveness of investing sources over continued use non-edible generation. explores application biomass seed to produce fuel (biodiesel) using heterogeneous base catalyst. Meanwhile, two-step processes were employed biofuel. In first step (esterification), acid value was reduced recommended limit (FFA ≤ 1.5) H2SO4, while second (transesterification), catalyst calcination grounded Brette Pearl Spar Mable (BPSM) pre-soaked methanol used biobase biodiesel production. For optimization, minitab response surface (MRS) artificial neural network (ANN) model optimize process variables responsible optimum production biodiesel. result presented showed that T. peruviana found be rich with an average yield 44.00% (w/w), highly unsaturated FFA. maximum experimental obtained 86.00% at amount 4 g, reaction time 70 min, methanol/oil ratio 0.1(v/v). validated triplicate under same conditions, yielded 85.70% (v/v) MRS 85.98% ANN. Furthermore, optimization results indicated p values (p < 0.05) terms significant, accuracy models achieved ANN based R2 depict both tools gave good predictions (MRS: R2 = 99.98% ANN: R2 = 99.97%). properties biodiesel, described other earlier reports feedstock different catalysts, produced had agreed those reported literature. proved raw material production, conversion biofuel suitability environmental friendly fuel. Government should invest more sustainable imposing law or decreasing price electricity.