Experimentally Induced Stress Validated by EMG Activity

摘要: Experience of stress may lead to increased electromyography (EMG) activity in specific muscles compared a non-stressful situation. The main aim this study was develop and validate stress-EMG paradigm which single uncontrollable unpredictable nociceptive stimulus presented. EMG the trapezius response interest. In addition linear time effects, non-linear courses were also examined. Taking into account hierarchical structure dataset, multilevel random regression model applied. paradigm, executed N = 70 subjects, consisted 3-minute baseline measurement, pre-stimulus period 2-minute post-stimulus phase. Subjects unaware precise moment delivery its intensity level. during entire experiment conform priori expectations: phase showed significantly higher mean level other two phases, an immediate demonstrated. addition, analyses revealed significant all three phases. Linear quadratic modified by subjective anticipatory level, measured just before start task. Linking reactivity that subjects with high responded more phase, whereas low inverse effect. Results suggest presented here is valid test quantify individual differences susceptibility. Further studies are required demonstrate potential use mechanistic clinical studies.