Induction of ICOS+CXCR3+CXCR5+ TH cells correlates with antibody responses to influenza vaccination.

摘要: Seasonal influenza vaccine protects 60 to 90% of healthy young adults from infection. The immunological events that lead the induction protective antibody responses remain poorly understood in humans. We identified type CD4+ T cells associated with after seasonal vaccinations. administration trivalent split-virus vaccines induced a temporary increase expressing ICOS, which peaked at day 7, as did plasmablasts. ICOS was largely restricted coexpressing chemokine receptors CXCR3 and CXCR5, subpopulation circulating memory follicular helper cells. Up 60% these ICOS+CXCR3+CXCR5+CD4+ were specific for antigens expressed interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-10, IL-21, interferon-γ upon antigen stimulation. blood correlated preexisting titers, but not primary responses. Consistently, purified efficiently B cells, naive differentiate into plasma produce influenza-specific antibodies ex vivo. Thus, emergence correlates development generated by vaccination.