Global biodiversity monitoring: From data sources to Essential Biodiversity Variables

摘要: Essential Biodiversity Variables (EBVs) consolidate information from varied biodiversity observation sources. Here we demonstrate the links between data sources, EBVs and indicators discuss how different sources of observations can be harnessed to inform EBVs. We classify primary into four types: extensive intensive monitoring schemes, ecological field studies satellite remote sensing. characterize their geographic, taxonomic temporal coverage. Ecological schemes a wide range EBVs, but former tend deliver short-term data, while geographic coverage latter is limited. In contrast, mostly population abundance EBV, long-term across an network sites. Satellite sensing particularly suited providing on ecosystem function structure Biases behind may affect representativeness global datasets. To improve them, researchers must assess then develop strategies compensate for identified gaps. draw dataset informing Living Planet Index (LPI) illustrate effects EBV representativeness. find that LPI are still scarce outside Europe North America play key role in covering gap. Achieving representative datasets will depend both ability integrate available through harmonization modeling efforts, establishment new programs address critical