A study on parametrization of orography‐related momentum fluxes in a synoptic‐scale NWP model

摘要: In a synoptic-scale atmospheric model, winds and subgrid-scale momentum fluxes are influenced by the properties of underlying surface. Parametrization schemes have been developed to describe interactions air flow with rough surface small- mesoscale orography. The interact each other model’s dynamical processes. Newparametrizations were introduced High Resolution Limited Area Model (HIRLAM), account for orography effects. Needed parameters derived from high-resolution digital elevation data set. A detailed analysis kinetic energy budget helped understand between parametrizations. Mean root mean square error, averaged over all observations forecasts, did not reveal significant differences updated reference model results. However, more diagnosis forecast-observation allowed show that new parametrizations small-scale lead realistic low-level wind distribution.