The impact of residential photovoltaic power on electricity sales revenues in Cape Town, South Africa

摘要: Abstract In South Africa, electricity is provided as a public service by municipalities. The combination of (a) rising rates, (b) decreasing photovoltaic technology costs, and (c) progressive tariff system (under which wealthier households support low rates for indigent residents) leads to incentives high-income cover part their demand self-produced (solar) electricity. This development simulated with hourly load profiles radiation data, an optimization model case study in Cape Town through the year 2030. Results indicate that majority higher-income residents are incentivized invest power production 2020 additionally use home battery systems 2028. steadily increasing gap between revenues expenditure needs budget municipality. can be reduced replacing energy-based revenue-neutral fixed network-connection fee implementation particularly effective reducing storage.