Xenogeneic Bio-Root Prompts the Constructive Process Characterized by Macrophage Phenotype Polarization in Rodents and Nonhuman Primates

摘要: Tissue or organ regeneration using xenogeneic matrices is a promising approach to address the shortage of donor for allotransplantation. Success such has been demonstrated correlate with macrophage-mediated fibrotic homeostasis and tissue remodeling. The previous studies have that treated dentin matrix (TDM) could be suitable bioactive substrate allogeneic tooth root regeneration. This study constructed bioengineered (bio-root) via combination porcine TDM (pTDM) dental follicle cells (DFCs). Macrophage phenotypes are used evaluate remodeling process bio-roots in vitro vivo. pTDM can facilitate odontoblast differentiation human derived DFCs. Xenogeneic rat subcutaneous prompt constructive response M1 macrophage infiltration during early postimplantation stages increase restorative M2 phenotype at later stages. After implantation into jaws rhesus monkeys six months, periodontal ligament-like fibers accompanied by polarization observed, which positive COL-1, Periostin, βIII-tubulin display structures as fibroblasts blood vessels. reconstructed bio-root possesses biomechanical properties dissipation masticatory forces. These results support maintain highlight potential application regenerative medicine.