Water transfers, agriculture, and groundwater management: a dynamic economic analysis

摘要: Water transfers from agricultural to urban and environmental uses will likely become increasingly common worldwide. Many areas rely heavily on underlying groundwater aquifers. Out-of-basin surface water increase aquifer withdrawals while reducing recharge, thereby altering the evolution of production/groundwater system over time. An empirical analysis is conducted for a representative region in California. Transfers via involuntary cutbacks tilt extraction schedule lower table levels net benefits The effects are large but more modest other variables. Break-even prices calculated voluntary quantity contract at district level. These differ considerably what might be under static which ignores dynamics. Canal-lining implies that districts may gain short-run lose time if all reduction conveyance losses transferred outside district. markets imply an evolving exported flows basin property usage. Most aquifers major regions currently unregulated. stress management can substantially percentage terms overall continue remain small. Conversely, we find economically efficient mitigate some adverse consequences transfers, not many circumstances or by much. Management significantly reduced impacts annual benefit impacts. Neither break-even nor canal-lining were altered most significant difference regional users management.