Prognostic Impact of Deficient DNA Mismatch Repair and KRAS and BRAF V600E Mutations in Patients with Lymph-Node-Positive Colon Cancer

摘要: Although tumor stage remains the key determinant of colorectal cancer prognosis and treatment, there is considerable stage-independent variability in clinical outcome. Molecular markers hold promise for explaining variations behavior, may identify patient subsets with differential efficacy survival after adjuvant chemotherapy, which standard care patients lymph-node-positive, i.e., III, colon cancer. An increased understanding molecular evolution progression has identified two major pathways tumorigenesis that are characterized by chromosomal instability microsatellite instability. Microsatellite a consequence deficient DNA mismatch repair generally due to epigenetic inactivation MLH1 tumors often carry mutations (V600E) oncogenic BRAF. Activating BRAFV600E KRAS mutually exclusive, this article, we review current status these as prognostic biomarkers III cancers.